Introduction to the City of Erzurum Turkey

Erzurum is one of the most historical and popular cities in Turkey. The name is derived from two words, “Arz” + “Rum,” which together mean “The Land of the Romans.” In Arabic, the term “Rum” refers to areas under Byzantine control. At various times, Erzurum was home to different empires, including the Byzantines, the Seljuks, and the Ottomans. Located in the Asian part of Turkey, Erzurum erzurum population is over 300,000 people. In the modern era, Erzurum has become a center for education and sports. Due to its high altitude, it is one of Turkey's best cities for winter activities, attracting many visitors for recreational activities like skiing. In this article, you will learn more about the sights of Erzurum and interesting facts about this historical city. Stay with u

Why Should You Visit Erzurum?

- Erzurum is known for its sudden weather changes and is therefore very interesting in this regard. For example, the weather might be sunny in the morning and then unexpectedly snow in the afternoon. Therefore, if you are traveling to this city, make sure to bring clothes suitable for both warm and cold weather.

- This region has a high historical significance. For example, the dialect of the people of Erzurum is different from other regions of Turkey and is heavily influenced by Arabic, Kurdish, and Persian languages, which shows that over the years, people of different ethnicities have lived there.

- In the past, Erzurum had an active volcano, which resulted in the formation of basalt stones famously known as the "Nene Hatun Basalt Stones" with a strange and unique appearance. Nene Hatun was a legendary figure who defended Erzurum during the 19th-century wars and is therefore respected in the history of this land.

- This city has very cool and pleasant summers, and the reason for this is its high altitude, which is 1,900 meters above sea level. For those who want to escape the heat, this city is the best choice.

7 Attractions in Erzurum

There is much to say about the attractions of Erzurum. Due to its rich historical background, this city is a fascinating destination for tourists interested in cultural and historical exploration. In the following article, you will learn more about 7 of Erzurum's most important tourist attractions.

1. Erzurum Castle

Erzurum Castle is one of the oldest structures in the city, built 1,500 years ago (5th century AD) by the Byzantine Empire on an elevated point atop a mountain. In the past, it served as a defensive fortress against foreign invasions. The castle had 2.5-meter-high walls and eight tall guard towers, parts of which have been destroyed over time due to attacks by invaders.

You might find it interesting that Erzurum Castle also contains a mosque built during the Seljuk era, constructed using Nene Hatun basalt stones. This castle has witnessed numerous wars and was used as a strong defensive barrier during the Ottoman wars with Russia in the 18th century. Today, it is considered a highly significant and fascinating historical and tourist site. Remember that when visiting the castle, you should wear warm clothing, as the weather in this area is very cold.

Access and Visiting Erzurum Castle: The entrance fee to Erzurum Castle varies for domestic and international tourists, and visitors can tour the castle from morning to evening. The castle is located in the city center of Erzurum, on a hill, and the path to it is relatively short, allowing you to reach the castle on foot.

2. Tortum Waterfall

Tortum Waterfall is one of the must-visit attractions in Erzurum, Turkey, drawing numerous tourists throughout the year. It is among the tallest waterfalls in Turkey, with a height of 49 meters and a width of 20 meters, which increases during the rainy seasons. Near the waterfall, a balcony has been built where visitors can watch the cascading water and enjoy the refreshing sensation of water droplets landing on their faces and bodies.

You might find it interesting that between 1952 and 1960, this waterfall was used as a source for electricity production. Tortum Waterfall is also home to various species of migratory birds. Nature enthusiasts can enjoy not only observing these birds but also listening to their soothing sounds. The waterfall is at its most beautiful and full during spring when the melting snow makes it appear even more magnificent and grand.

Access and Visiting Tortum Waterfall: Tortum Waterfall is located near the town of Uzundere, 100 kilometers north of Erzurum. By private car, it takes about 1 hour and 20 minutes to reach the waterfall.

3. Twin Minaret Madrasa

This madrasa was built in the 13th century during the Seljuk era and is one of the most historical attractions in Erzurum. It is said that Sultan Hatun, the daughter of Sultan Alaeddin (one of the great Seljuk rulers), ordered the construction of this madrasa because of her deep love and passion for knowledge. For this reason, it is also called Sultan Hatun Madrasa. Initially, religious sciences were taught in this madrasa, but later, art, philosophy, and mathematics were added to Çifte Minareli Medrese's curriculum.

This madrasa is architecturally stunning and features a vast entrance gate with intricate carvings. Many assume that only mosques have minarets, but this madrasa has two tall 26-meter minarets made of turquoise stones among its main symbols. Other parts of Çifte Minareli Medrese include the central courtyard, a large pool with a fountain, an iwan, a prayer hall, and more.

Access and Visiting Çifte Minareli Medrese: This madrasa is located 2 kilometers from Aziziye Park, near Taşhan Castle, the Three Tombs, and Yakutiye Madrasa, which you can visit. An entrance fee is required to enter Çifte Minareli Medrese, and visitors can tour it from morning to evening. The madrasa has several sections, so plan to spend at least an hour exploring its various parts.

4. Palandöken Mountains

If you enjoy winter sports and skiing, you can visit the Palandöken Mountains in Erzurum, Turkey, and ski on the large ski slope of this mountain. This slope is among the highest in the world and is even described as meeting high standards by European skiers. The tallest peak of this mountain range is Büyük Ejder Peak, which rises to over 3,000 meters.

This slope features steep and gentle inclines, making it suitable for beginner and professional skiers to enjoy the thrilling sport of skiing. The longest slope in the Palandöken Mountains is approximately 12 kilometers long and has hosted numerous international skiing competitions. Other activities include cycling, cable car rides, and mountain climbing.

Bring warm clothing and skiing equipment if you visit these mountains during winter. Beginners can also take advantage of the training stations, where skiing is taught to novices for free.

Access and Visiting the Palandöken Mountains: The Palandöken Mountains are located southeast of Erzurum, about 10 kilometers from the city center, and can be reached by car in 15 minutes.

5. Shopping Centers in Erzurum

Although Erzurum is famous for winter activities, this beautiful city also has four large shopping centers where shopping enthusiasts can purchase items from the best international brands. Below, you will learn more about 2 of these shopping centers, which are among the most important attractions of Erzurum.

• MNG Shopping Center

MNG was opened in 2017 and is very modern. In this shopping center, the best international brands offer high-quality clothing and apparel, making it easy to find so-called Pinterest-style outfits. MNG Shopping Center has an amusement park where you can entertain your children, and after shopping, you can to the restaurant or cinema in the complex.

Access to MNG Shopping Center: This shopping center is located in the Yakutiye district, close to the city center, and is only 15 minutes from Erzurum Airport by taxi.

• Forum Shopping Center

Forum is one of the oldest shopping centers in Erzurum, with an area of about 30,000 square meters. Like most shopping malls in Turkey, this shopping center has an amusement park, a cinema, and a food court, where many people relax after shopping. If you are a brand enthusiast, you can shop from brands like Koton, Nike, Mango, Zara, and LC Waikiki, which sell their products here.

In addition to clothing, Forum Shopping Center also includes a variety of local shops, electronics stores, and large hypermarkets, offering a wide range of shopping options.

Access to Forum Shopping Center: This shopping center is located in the Yakutiye district, only a 10-minute taxi ride from the city center.

6. Erzurum Natural History Museum

One of the must-visit attractions in Erzurum is the Natural History Museum, which showcases the city's wildlife and natural environment. This museum houses a variety of taxidermy animals, such as mammals, reptiles, birds, and insects that once lived in the region, with detailed descriptions provided for each species. Don't miss the article on the Erzurum Archaeology Museum to learn more about another museum in this city.

In addition to preserved animals, the museum features a collection of various rocks, plant fossils, and minerals that attract visitors interested in Erzurum's natural sciences.

Access and Visiting the Erzurum Natural History Museum: This museum is located right in the center of Erzurum, making it easily accessible by different means of transportation, including buses and private vehicles. Visiting the various sections of the museum may take 2 to 3 hours, and an entrance fee is required. The museum operates from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.

7. Atatürk Cable Car

The Atatürk Cable Car in Erzurum is perfect for those who enjoy aerial activities and want to experience breathtaking city views from the heights. Since Erzurum is a high-altitude city, watching its snowy mountains and elevated landscapes via cable car is a delightful experience. The journey takes about 10 to 15 minutes.

Access and Visiting the Atatürk Cable Car: The operating hours of the Atatürk Cable Car vary throughout the year, but it is usually open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. To reach the cable car, you can head to Erzurum's city center and quickly get there using public transportation, taxis, or private vehicles.

Accommodation in Erzurum, Turkey

The cost of hotels in Erzurum, Turkey, is lower compared to larger cities like Istanbul, and many travelers choose Erzurum to reduce expenses. However, the most affordable option for accommodation is renting a furnished house in Erzurum.

Other accommodation options in Erzurum include villas, hostels, traditional guesthouses, and more. Travelers can choose one of these options based on their preferences and circumstances, espend an enjoyable experience in this beautiful and historic city.

 

 

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