History of Erzurum Castle

Erzurum Castle, known in Turkish as (Erzurum Kalesi), is built in the center of Erzurum city and is situated atop a high hill. According to the history of Erzurum Castle, it was built during the Byzantine era, witnessing many changes and wars over the centuries and serving as a vital military fortress.  In the following, you will get to know Erzurum Castle, a legacy from the Byzantine era, in detail. Stay with us.

The Transformations of Erzurum Castle Throughout History

It was in the 11th century that the Seljuks captured Erzurum Castle and completed parts of its architecture, including minarets and the prayer hall. Each time Erzurum Castle was conquered by different rulers in wars, it was largely destroyed, but the new rulers restored it again.

One of the last major restorations was carried out by Sultan Suleiman (the Ottoman ruler) in the 16th century. At that time, the defensive structures of the castle were strengthened and modernized, making it one of the most important defensive fortresses of the Ottoman Empire.

Over time, Erzurum Castle lost its military function and was converted into a storage facility. Even at times, stones from the castle were used to build fortifications on the hills around the city.

The upper part of the minaret collapsed in the 19th century due to deterioration, and in its place, a large clock was installed. Because of this, the castle is also called "Clock Tower".

At present, this castle no longer has a military function and has been transformed into a recreational-tourist site, symbolizing the grandeur, power, and architecture of the ancient empires that resided in it.

Features of Erzurum Castle

Erzurum Castle had 8 limestone towers, with walls reaching a thickness of 2.5 meters. At present, the gates and towers of this castle have almost completely disappeared, and only a 90-meter-long wall and three towers remain, which are located in the southeastern part of the castle. These towers served as watchtowers, and guards monitored the security conditions around the castle.

If we want to describe Erzurum Castle more precisely, visitors must climb 67 stone steps to reach the top of the castle. The stairway is spiral, and this spiral design was deliberately created to make it more difficult for enemies to enter the castle, as spiral paths cause dizziness.

As mentioned earlier, Erzurum Castle was restored many times over the years. During the Seljuk and Ottoman periods, Islamic architecture was incorporated, adding minarets, arched vaults, and geometric patterns to the castle. Military castles are typically built from durable and resistant stones, but interestingly, special attention was given to the visual beauty of Erzurum Castle, and colored stones were used in some parts of it.

Why is Visiting Erzurum Castle Recommended?

People who are interested in history and architecture choose Erzurum Castle as one of their top travel destinations. Visitors, by being present in the atmosphere of this castle, travel back in time to ancient history and civilizations, imagining the clashing of swords, the rumbling of chariots, and the cries of soldiers fighting for victory, experiencing glorious and unforgettable moments.

Interestingly, various cultural events, such as concerts and theater performances, are held in this castle, offering both entertainment and sightseeing. Many visitors come to this castle to experience modern performances in a historic setting.

Another interesting aspect of this castle is the archaeology workshops, where information about Erzurum's ancient history is provided to enthusiasts.

Finally, photography lovers can come to this site early in the morning, when the lighting is at its best and the castle is less crowded, to capture stunning photographs of this historic site.

What Is the Best Season to Visit Erzurum Castle?

Erzurum Castle is located in high altitudes, and the winters are extremely cold. Therefore, it is best to avoid visiting this area during the cold seasons, as the routes become snowy and icy.

The best time to visit this castle is in spring, summer, and autumn, when the weather is more moderate, allowing you to easily explore different parts of the castle.

In spring, the nature surrounding this area becomes lush and beautiful, allowing visitors to enjoy the green landscapes and cool weather.

Which Other Attractions Can Be Visited Near Erzurum Castle?

Erzurum is a relatively small city, and its tourist attractions are close to one another.

Near Erzurum Castle, there are several tourist attractions, including:

• Yakutiye Madrasa (5-minute drive) – A historical 14th-century school.
• Russian Bazaar (10-minute drive) – A traditional market where you can buy souvenirs for your loved ones.
• Erzurum Museum (10-minute drive) – Displays historical and archaeological objects from Erzurum. For more information about this museum, click on the Erzurum Archaeology Museum link.
• Rustem Pasha Hot Spring (15-minute drive) – Despite its name, it was originally a caravanserai.
• Aziziye Tomb (20-minute walk) – The tomb of a martyr from the Ottoman-Russian war, highly respected by the people of Erzurum.

What Hotels Are Available Near Erzurum Castle for Accommodation?

Renting furnished apartments or staying in hotels near this castle is possible. There are luxurious accommodations in this area where travelers can stay.

·        Lala Grand Hotel

This is one of the well-equipped hotels near Erzurum Castle and Lala Mustafa Pasha Mosque. Many travelers choose this hotel due to the cool climate of the area, modern facilities, affordable prices, and proximity to Erzurum's attractions.

·        Çağ Guesthouse

This guesthouse, located only 10 minutes away from Erzurum Castle, offers beautiful rooms. Some of its highlights include friendly and professional staff and a varied and delicious Turkish breakfast. Staying in Erzurum in this guesthouse is budget-friendly, making it a recommended option for travelers looking for an economical stay.

·        Hilton Garden Inn

This hotel is located 11 kilometers from Palandöken Ski Resort and is one of the closest luxury hotels to Erzurum Castle. Compared to the previously mentioned hotels, it is more luxurious and has higher prices. However, it offers more luxurious facilities, including a swimming pool, sauna, and a large fitness center.

What Restaurants and Eateries Are Near Erzurum Castle?

There are numerous restaurants around Erzurum Castle, where most visitors go after exploring this beautiful castle to enjoy a delicious Turkish meal.

Some of the notable restaurants near Erzurum Castle include:

·         Gel-Gör Cağ Kebabi 

Meaning "Come and See the Cağ Kebab," this restaurant is famous for traditional lamb kebabs.

·         Güzelyurt Restaurant

Meaning "Beautiful Land," this restaurant serves a variety of authentic Turkish dishes.

·         Kadayifci Muammer Usta

Meaning "Master Architect of Kadayif," this place is well-known for serving traditional Turkish desserts, such as kadayif (shredded pastry filled with nuts and syrup.

In these restaurants, visitors can enjoy popular Turkish dishes and desserts, including Cağ Kebab and Dolma Kadayif.

How Much Does It Cost to Visit Erzurum Castle, and How Long Should You Spend There?

In 2024, the entrance fee for Erzurum Castle is between 20 to 60 Turkish Lira. Discounts are available for children and students.

It is advisable to allocate at least two hours to fully explore the different sections of the castle and enjoy the view of Erzurum city from an elevated position.

The castle is open from 8:00 AM until the evening. If you prefer to visit when it is less crowded, it is recommended to arrive early in the morning.

How to Get to Erzurum Castle?

To visit Erzurum Castle, you must go to the city center and take a taxi or a bus that goes to the castle.

The roads leading to Erzurum Castle are of high quality, ensuring a smooth and comfortable journey. Visitors can easily travel to this magnificent and historical site and enjoy exploring its ancient architecture and rich history.